This paper deals with the problem of the population of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the Medvednica Nature Park, and the difficulties it brings. In the first part of the paper, the biology of wild boars, their appearance and structure, nutrition, method of reproduction, and the significance they represent for their environment are theoretically explained. The second part of the paper relates to the Medvednica Nature Park, its biological, cultural and historical significance, and to the flora and fauna found in its area. The area of the Nature Park represents an ideal habitat for the population of wild boars, whose economic capacity and numerical state of the population in 2020 and 2021 will be stated in the research part of the paper. With the help of tables, the age and gender structure of the population are shown, and with the help of a graph difference in population size between the stated years is illustrated. In accordance with the population size, the problems that arise in the researched area are becoming more frequent, and these are also listed as part of the research. For the sake of comparison, the last part states what the situation is with wild boar populations in other cities in Croatia, and what the situation is in Europe. In order to reduce the mentioned problems to a minimum, measures are proposed for handling cases of excessive population numbers and instances where they cause damage.