| Abstract | Zadatak vatrodojavnog sustava je da na vrijeme upozori na pojavu požara i time omogući intervenciju i/ili trenutačno otpočne s gašenjem prije nego što je požar dostigao ozbiljne i razarajuće razmjere. Osnovni cilj vatrodojavnog sustava je spašavanje ljudskih života, imovine i materijalnih dobara.
Prilikom projektiranja većine modernih građevina sustav vatrodojave je predviđen projektom a i temeljem raznih zakonskih propisa sustavi vatrodojave su obvezni u sve široj lepezi objekata raznih namjena. Sustav vatrodojave trebaju svi koji su svjesni da sve što su stvarali godinama a nerijetko i generacijama može u trenu nestati u požaru izazvanom nepažnjom, greškom stroja ili čovjeka ili jednostavno spletom nesretnih okolnosti. Koncepciju vatrodojavnog sustava određuje projektant ovlašten za projektiranje vatrodojavnih sustava, a na temelju trenutno važećih zakonskih i podzakonskih propisa. Temeljem procjene ugroženosti građevine ili građevinskih dijelova, određuju se mjere za sprečavanje nastanka i širenja požara (preventivne mjere) te mjere za učinkovito gašenje, koje proizlaze iz činjeničnih posebnosti predmetne procjene ugroženosti.
S obzirom na korištenu tehnologiju vatrodojavne sustave možemo podijeliti na: klasične, adresabilne, adresabilneadresabilne adresabilneadresabilneadresabilne adresabilne s više stanja i s više stanja i s više stanja i s više stanja i suvremene (analogno-adresabilne) sustave.
Suvremeni vatrodojavni sustavi su takvi sustavi koji pomoću suvremenih elektroničkih javljača (detektora) spojnih kabela ili bežično dojavljuju nastanak alarmnog stanja i pokreću proces gašenja požara u vrlo kratkom vremenu na vrlo učinkovit i siguran način.
Pravilno projektiran i izveden vatrodojavni sustav nadopunjen s ostalim protupožarnim mjerama (putovi za evakuaciju, ručni prijenosni aparati, hidranti, protupožarna vrata, protupožarne zaklopke, sustavi za odvođenje dima i topline, automatski sustavi za gašenje) može minimalizirati posljedice požara. Ulaganje u vatrodojavni sustav je investicija koja se može višestruko vratiti ako se ugradi na vrijeme. Osiguravajuće kuće blagonaklono gledaju na objekte gdje postoji vatrodojavni sustav i smanjuju premije prilikom sklapanja police osiguranja. |
| Abstract (english) | The task of the fire alarm system is to issue a timely warning about the presence of a fire and thus enable an intervention and/or begin extinguishing the fire before it reaches serious and devastating proportions. The basic objective of the fire alarm system is to save human lives, property and material goods. Fire alarm systems are envisaged in the process of planning modern buildings and are also mandatory pursuant to various legal regulations in a wide range of facilities with various purposes. A professional fire alarm system is necessary for anyone aware that everything they have created over years, and often generations, may disappear in a moment because of a fire caused by carelessness, mechanical or human error, or simply due to an unfortunate turn of events. The concept of a fire alarm system is determined by an engineer authorized to design fire alarm systems according to current legal and sublegal regulations. Pursuant to the assessment of the vulnerability of the building or the construction parts, specific measures are then determined for the prevention and spread of fires (preventive measures), as well as measures for effective extinguishing which follow from the factual particularities of a subject assessment of vulnerability. According to the technology used in fire alarm systems, we refer to them as either: classic, addressable, addressable with multiple conditions, and modern (analogue-addressable) systems. Modern fire alarm systems are those with modern electronic detectors of connecting cables which wirelessly report an alarming occurrence and begin the process of extinguishing in very short period of time and in a very efficient and safe way. It is extremely important to determine the required number of detectors, as well as the type of detectors, that will be installed in the system, depending on the type, construction and purpose of the building being protected. A properly designed and implemented fire alarm system, supplemented by other fire-fighting measures (evacuation routes, handheld fire extinguishers, hydrants, fire doors, fire dampers, systems for smoke and heat removal, automatic extinguishing systems) can minimize the consequences of a fire. Investing in a fire alarm system is an investment with manifold returns if installed on time. Insurance companies look favourably on facilities with fire alarm systems and offer lower premiums when concluding insurance policies. |
