This bachelor's thesis gives a theoretical overview of literature on the topic of alternative systems being applied to wastewater. Although wastewater presents a major problem in the world, it has the potential to become a valuable resource and source of energy, water, nutrients, etc. Classical wastewater treatment systems are neither as environmentally friendly nor as efficient as some modern systems achieving better results in wastewater treatment and utilization, and with less investment. Keeping those facts in mind, this thesis investigates the types of wastewater treatment and purification procedures, as well as analyzing the conclusions drawn from the theoretical overview of the topic. Alternative systems of wastewater treatment, such as herbal purifiers and bio-lagoons, present a major advancement in sustainable and eco-friendly wastewater management. Therefore, this topic has been chosen in order to investigate alternative measures of improving the quality of life for all living beings, as well as the planet itself.