In this paper, we will investigate in detail about excavators, machines that are indispensable in today's construction, mining and transportation works. Their versatility and power enable them to efficiently perform various tasks on construction sites around the world. We will consider their division by categories. In addition, we will analyze in detail the appearance of the excavator, including the structure of the machine, dimensions, technological characteristics and components that make up these powerful machines. We will separately investigate the controls located inside the excavator cabin, where the operator is located, because understanding these controls is essential for safe and efficient work with excavators. When working with an excavator, it is necessary to comply with various laws, regulations and ordinances that regulate work with this type of equipment. Safety when working with an excavator is extremely important, and the person operating the excavator must be professionally trained and work with great attention in order to avoid damage to property and, what is even more important, endangering human lives. At the very end of the work, we will provide an overview of the necessary work equipment that is necessary for safe work with the excavator. This includes personal pro- tective equipment, as well as additional equipment needed to maintain and service the excavator. We aim to highlight key aspects that contribute to safety and efficiency of work and provide guidance for the proper use of these powerful machines.