Ionizing radiation poses a threat to human health because we don´ t feel when we are exposed to it and it has sufficient amount of energy to cause adverse effects on the human body. This is why we have to be aware of the dangers represented by nuclear power as a source of the ionizing radiation. In Republic of Slovenia, near the border of the Republic of Croatia, Nuclear Power Plant Krško is located. Although it is equipped with all the necessary equipment for regulating and monitoring the work, there is always a small chance of a major accident or even catastrophe. Such accidents can be caused by the human factor, but also natural causes such as for example an earthquake. Due to the risk of the impact of the ionizing radiation which could be exposed part of the territory of our country it is necessary to develop quality plans and prepare teams for the implementation of protective and rescue measures that will be conducted in case of release of radiation from the reactor. Protection and rescue measures that will be implemented can be immediate (urgent) and long-term depending on the size of the accident and the amount of material discharged. In such situations it is important to save as many human lives, and after that the other operations can be carried out. Therefore it is extremely important to carry out the exercise response protection and rescue system in the event of an accident, in order to provide better response in the real situation and reduce the consequences as much as possible.